Symptoms and treatments for anxiety and panic attacks

According to WebMD.com, panic attacks occur in about 2.4 million adult Americans. It is interesting to note that they occur twice as often in women than men. Panic attacks may strike anyone at any time. In fact, panic attacks are quite common. Many people may experience one panic attack without further episodes. However, some experience them repeatedly, which can develop into panic disorder. Panic disorder is characterized by repeated panic attacks combined with major changes in one’s behavior.



What Is A Panic Attack?

Although fear and anxiety are natural reactions to stress in our lives, when these feelings become overwhelming, they may escalate into a full blown panic attack. Webster’s Dictionary’s definition of a panic attack is "an episode of intense fear or apprehension that is of sudden onset".



How Does One Know That They Are Having A Panic Attack?

The signs of an attack can strike out of the blue and without warning. There are several symptoms that may signal that you are experiencing a panic attack. They include:

• Heart palpitations

• Chest pain or discomfort

• Choking feeling

• Sweating

• Nausea or upset stomach

• Feeling dizzy, lightheaded, or faint

• Fear of dying, losing control, or going crazy



What Are The Possible Triggers?

Although panic attacks and panic disorder are not fully understood, studies have shown that several factors may be involved. These factors can be environmental and/or physical, such as:

• Traumatic or first time life events, like leaving home for the first time

• Illness or the death of a family member or friend

• Family problems

• Financial issues

• Work problems

• Interpersonal conflicts

• Family history

• Substance abuse

• Medical problems



Treatments for Panic Disorder and Panic Attacks:

There is good news. Panic attacks and panic disorder are treatable conditions. They can usually be treated successfully with self-help strategies, therapy sessions, or (in more extreme cases) medication. Methods of treating these conditions include:

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy focuses on the thinking patterns and behaviors that are sustaining or triggering the panic attacks. It helps you look at your fears in a more realistic light.

• Exposure Therapy. In exposure therapy, one is exposed to the physical sensations of panic in a safe and controlled environment, giving you the opportunity to learn healthier ways of coping. With each exposure, you become less afraid of these internal bodily sensations and feel a greater sense of control over your panic.

• Antidepressants or Benzodiazepines. These are anti-anxiety drugs. However, you should take them cautiously as they may be highly addictive and cause serious withdrawal symptoms.

Self-Help Tips:

Professional treatment and therapy can certainly make a big difference in those who suffer from panic attacks and panic disorder. Moreover, there are many things you can do to help yourself as well.

• Practice relaxation techniques. When practiced regularly, activities such as yoga, meditation, and progressive muscle relaxation strengthen the body’s relaxation response – the opposite of the stress response involved in anxiety and panic. And not only do these relaxation practices promote relaxation, but they also increase feelings of joy and well-being. So make time for them in your daily routine.

• Eat a balanced diet. Make sure to incorporate fresh fruits, vegetables, and whole grains into your daily diet. As mentioned earlier, you may want to consider staying away from sugar, caffeine and alcohol.